How does cocaine primarily affect neurotransmitter levels?

Cocaine primarily affects neurotransmitter levels by blocking the re-uptake of dopamine. This action leads to an accumulation of dopamine in the synaptic cleft, which enhances and prolongs the signal between neurons. Dopamine is a key neurotransmitter in the brain's reward system, and its increased presence contributes to the pleasurable effects and addictive potential of cocaine use.

By preventing the re-absorption of dopamine back into the presynaptic neuron, cocaine reinforces the transmission of signals that are associated with reward, pleasure, and motivation. This mechanism is central to understanding how cocaine alters mood and behavior, as well as its role in substance use disorders.