Maslow's hierarchy of human needs includes which of the following?

Maslow's hierarchy of human needs is a psychological theory that categorizes human motivations based on a hierarchy of needs, typically presented in a pyramid structure. The correct answer includes esteem, safety, and self-actualization, which are fundamental components of Maslow's framework.

Esteem needs refer to the individual’s desire for recognition and respect from others, as well as self-respect and self-esteem. These needs motivate us to seek accomplishment and status. Safety needs encompass physical safety, financial security, health, and well-being, highlighting the necessity for a secure environment. Self-actualization is at the top of the hierarchy and represents the realization of personal potential, self-fulfillment, and the pursuit of personal growth and peak experiences.

The other options suggest different categories that do not align with Maslow's original theory. Cognitive needs focus on knowledge and understanding, biological needs are more aligned with survival, and aesthetic needs pertain to appreciation of beauty and harmony—none of which are organized within Maslow's pyramid format. Therefore, the selected answer encompasses the core elements of the hierarchy as originally defined by Maslow.