What does a research question identify in a study?

A research question serves as a critical foundation of any study, encapsulating the specific issue or aspect that the researcher aims to investigate. It defines the focus of the research and guides the direction and scope of the study. This question is essentially an exploration of what the researcher hopes to examine, making it pivotal for framing hypotheses, shaping research design, and determining the analytical approach.

In contrast, other elements like a statement of findings, methodology, or limitations, while essential to the structure of a research study, do not capture the essence of the research itself in the way a research question does. The findings summarize results, methodology outlines how the study was conducted, and limitations address potential weaknesses or unresolved issues in the research process. Therefore, the research question is instrumental in establishing the overall aim of the study, guiding the inquiry and ensuring that the research remains focused.